Business office spending is measured through several lenses rather than one complete market total. The statistics below cover U.S. office-furniture manufacturing, employment, productivity, office-supply and furniture company sales, and commercial furniture segments, with each measure’s geography, period, and scope kept explicit.
Key Business Office Spending Statistics
The most useful headline figures span industry output, labor capacity, productivity, and company-reported sales:
- In 2024, U.S. office-furniture manufacturing sectoral output was $24,836.982 million for NAICS 3372.
- In 2023, U.S. office-furniture manufacturing sectoral output was $26,816.845 million for NAICS 3372.
- In 2022, U.S. office-furniture manufacturing sectoral output was $27,575.970 million for NAICS 3372.
- In 2024, real U.S. office-furniture output fell 10.0% from the prior year.
- In 2023, real U.S. office-furniture output fell 7.4% from the prior year.
- In 2020, real U.S. office-furniture output fell 15.8% from the prior year.
- In 2024, the U.S. office-furniture manufacturing industry employed 101.7 thousand workers.
- In 2019, the U.S. office-furniture manufacturing industry employed 114.3 thousand workers.
- In 2024, U.S. office-furniture output per worker was 74.174 on the 2017=100 index.
- In 2000, U.S. office-furniture output per worker was 77.484 on the 2017=100 index.
- For the 52 weeks ended December 28, 2024, ODP reported $6,990 million in total sales.
- In 2024, ODP Business Solutions sales were $3,578 million.
- In 2024, ODP supplies sales were $3,451 million.
- In fiscal 2024, MillerKnoll Americas Contract net sales were $1,824.2 million for the twelve months ended June 1, 2024.
- In fiscal 2024, MillerKnoll total net sales were $3,628.4 million for the twelve months ended June 1, 2024.
- In fiscal 2024, MillerKnoll Americas Contract sales declined 10.0% year over year.
- In fiscal 2024, MillerKnoll Global Retail sales declined 16.4% year over year.
- For the fiscal year ended February 23, 2024, Steelcase reported $3,159.6 million in revenue, down 2% from the prior year.
Contents
- U.S. office-furniture output and market scale
- Business office spending trends and turning points
- Office-furniture employment and labor capacity
- Output per worker and productivity data
- Office-supply and furniture company sales signals
- Commercial office-furniture sales by segment and geography
U.S. Office-Furniture Output and Business Office Spending Scale
The closest broad production measure in the supplied data is BLS sectoral output for U.S. NAICS 3372, office furniture, including fixtures. It is a current-dollar gross-output measure adjusted for inventory and intra-industry shipments, so it is not a complete estimate of all business-office spending.
| Year | Sectoral output ($ millions) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 24,836.982 |
| 2023 | 26,816.845 |
| 2022 | 27,575.970 |
| 2021 | 24,270.748 |
| 2020 | 23,169.561 |
| 2019 | 26,849.033 |
| 2018 | 27,254.807 |
| 2017 | 25,180.251 |
| 2016 | 24,251.349 |
Source: BLS/FRED sectoral output for U.S. office-furniture manufacturing (NAICS 3372).
The series reached $27,575.970 million in 2022 before standing at $24,836.982 million in 2024. Because these are current-dollar values, movements should not be interpreted as inflation-adjusted changes in business purchasing volume.
This industry measure also excludes office leases, information technology, services, and supplies outside the manufacturing category. It is therefore best used as an office-furniture production benchmark, not as a market-wide spending total.
Business Office Spending Trends and Annual Output Turning Points
Real output provides a different view because it measures year-over-year change after adjusting the gross-output series for inventory and intra-industry shipments. The figures describe industry production, not a survey of what businesses spent.
| Year | Real output change from year ago |
|---|---|
| 2024 | -10.0% |
| 2023 | -7.4% |
| 2022 | +0.2% |
| 2021 | -3.6% |
| 2020 | -15.8% |
| 2019 | -5.1% |
| 2018 | +3.9% |
| 2017 | +2.0% |
| 2016 | -0.1% |
Source: BLS/FRED real sectoral output for U.S. office-furniture manufacturing (NAICS 3372).
The sharpest decline in this period was 15.8% in 2020, followed by a smaller 3.6% decline in 2021 and near stability in 2022, when real output rose 0.2%. The industry then recorded declines of 7.4% in 2023 and 10.0% in 2024.
Earlier data show a 5.1% decline in 2019 after increases of 3.9% in 2018 and 2.0% in 2017. These annual changes should be read alongside the current-dollar output series rather than substituted for spending totals.
Office-Furniture Employment Statistics and Labor Capacity
Employment data show the size of the U.S. NAICS 3372 workforce associated with office-furniture manufacturing, including fixtures. They do not count every worker involved in business-office spending, such as retail, logistics, leasing, software, or professional services.
| Year | Employment (thousand jobs) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 101.7 |
| 2023 | 105.8 |
| 2022 | 106.0 |
| 2021 | 100.9 |
| 2020 | 103.7 |
| 2019 | 114.3 |
| 2018 | 114.8 |
| 2017 | 112.9 |
| 2016 | 110.2 |
Source: BLS/FRED employment for U.S. office-furniture manufacturing (NAICS 3372).
Employment was 114.8 thousand jobs in 2018 and 114.3 thousand in 2019, then measured 103.7 thousand in 2020. It was 100.9 thousand in 2021, 106.0 thousand in 2022, 105.8 thousand in 2023, and 101.7 thousand in 2024.
The employment series is a labor-capacity indicator for one manufacturing industry. It should not be presented as employment supported by all categories of office spending.
Business Office Spending Productivity and Output per Worker
BLS output per worker is an index of goods and services produced relative to the workers producing output, with 2017 set to 100. It is an industry productivity measure, not a return-on-investment measure for office spending.
| Year | Output per worker index (2017=100) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 74.174 |
| 2023 | 79.195 |
| 2022 | 85.409 |
| 2021 | 89.542 |
| 2020 | 90.362 |
| 2019 | 97.365 |
| 2018 | 102.151 |
| 2017 | 100.000 |
| 2016 | 100.400 |
| 2000 | 77.484 |
Source: BLS/FRED output per worker for U.S. office-furniture manufacturing (NAICS 3372).
The index was 102.151 in 2018 and 97.365 in 2019, compared with 90.362 in 2020. It then stood at 89.542 in 2021, 85.409 in 2022, 79.195 in 2023, and 74.174 in 2024.
The long-run reference point was 77.484 in 2000, while the base-year value is 100.000 in 2017. Since the index is not a dollar amount, it cannot be used by itself to estimate the value of business office spending or an office investment’s financial outcome.
Office-Supply and Furniture Company Sales Signals in 2024 Filings
Company filings provide commercial-channel signals, but they are not additive market totals. ODP’s reporting also uses categories broader than office furniture alone.
| ODP measure | Period | Sales ($ millions) |
|---|---|---|
| Total sales | 52 weeks ended Dec. 28, 2024 | 6,990 |
| Total sales | 52 weeks ended Dec. 30, 2023 | 7,823 |
| Total sales | Fiscal 2022 | 8,484 |
| Business Solutions division | 2024 | 3,578 |
| Office Depot division | 2024 | 3,358 |
| Furniture and other | 2024 | 991 |
| Supplies | 2024 | 3,451 |
| Technology | 2024 | 1,928 |
Source: The ODP Corporation 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ODP reported $6,990 million in total sales for the 52 weeks ended December 28, 2024, compared with $7,823 million for the 52 weeks ended December 30, 2023 and $8,484 million in fiscal 2022. Its 2024 Business Solutions division recorded $3,578 million, while the Office Depot division recorded $3,358 million.
The category breakdown requires care. ODP’s $991 million furniture-and-other category includes desks and seating, but also luggage, gift cards, and warranties; supplies includes paper, writing instruments, office, cleaning, breakroom, hospitality, and PPE products; and technology is adjacent to, but not identical with, furniture spending.
Commercial Office-Furniture Sales by Segment and Geography
MillerKnoll’s fiscal 2024 reporting separates contract and retail activity and distinguishes Americas from international operations. The period covers the twelve months ended June 1, 2024, so it should not be mixed with calendar-year industry data without qualification.
| MillerKnoll segment | Fiscal 2024 net sales ($ millions) | Year-over-year change |
|---|---|---|
| Americas Contract | 1,824.2 | -10.0% |
| International Contract & Specialty | 931.8 | -8.4% |
| Global Retail | 872.4 | -16.4% |
| Total company | 3,628.4 | -11.2% |
Source: MillerKnoll 2024 Annual Report.
Americas Contract was MillerKnoll’s largest listed segment at $1,824.2 million, followed by International Contract & Specialty at $931.8 million and Global Retail at $872.4 million. The company reported declines across all three: 10.0% in Americas Contract, 8.4% in International Contract & Specialty, and 16.4% in Global Retail.
MillerKnoll’s total net sales were $3,628.4 million, down 11.2% year over year. These are company-reported segment and consolidated sales, not an estimate of all commercial office-furniture purchases.
Steelcase provides another company-level signal. For the fiscal year ended February 23, 2024, it reported $3,159.6 million in revenue, down $73.0 million, or 2%, from the prior year, according to its 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The company figures have different fiscal calendars and business mixes. They are useful for showing reported sales conditions across major office-furniture and office-supply companies, but they should not be combined into a single market-size calculation.